Bringing Hidden Art to Light with Spectral Imaging

A recent study published in Heritage (MDPI, July 2025) by the University of Ioannina, “A Multidisciplinary Non-Invasive Approach for the Examination of a Wooden Panel Painting” showcases how cutting-edge, non-invasive technologies are revolutionizing the way we examine and preserve cultural treasures. The research focused on a post-Byzantine icon from 1836 and combined three powerful non-destructive tools: infrared thermography (IRT), multispectral imaging (MSI), and macroscopic X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF).

This multidisciplinary approach offered a complete picture of the icon’s condition, materials, and artistic techniques—without the need for invasive sampling. At the center of the multispectral imaging work stood VideometerLab, Videometer’s flagship spectral imaging system.

Why Non-Invasive Imaging Matters

For conservators and researchers, the question is “how can we gain deeper insight into an artwork’s history and condition without risking damage?” Fragile icons, manuscripts, and paintings often hold secrets beneath their surfaces, but traditional methods can be too invasive for such objects.

This is where non-destructive imaging plays a crucial role. By combining different spectral techniques, conservators can uncover structural issues, hidden inscriptions, and pigment compositions that are otherwise invisible.

VideometerLab Reveals the Invisible

The VideometerLab enabled the research team to carry out high-resolution multispectral imaging across 19 spectral bands, ranging from ultraviolet to near-infrared (365–970 nm). This wide spectral coverage revealed fascinating details about the icon:

• Inscriptions on Saint John’s scroll became legible.
• Hidden underdrawings, such as the crown of thorns and halo letters, appeared in specific bands.
• Areas of surface loss and varnish degradation were mapped with precision.

These insights would not have been possible with conventional photography. Videometer’s system provided the clarity needed to distinguish subtle variations in pigments and surface textures, creating a more accurate record of the painting’s state of preservation.

A Holistic View Through Combined Methods

While Videometer’s multispectral imaging was used to reveal inscriptions and underdrawings, the study also integrated other imaging techniques for a more comprehensive analysis. Infrared thermography highlighted internal issues such as moisture-related delamination and panel curvature, while MA-XRF mapped the elemental composition of the painting, identifying a complex pigment palette including gold, vermilion, lead-based reds, and copper-based blues and greens.

By layering these insights together, researchers achieved a holistic understanding of both the artist’s materials and the painting’s current vulnerabilities.

Preserving Cultural Heritage with Technology

This study is a striking example of how spectral imaging solutions enhance the work of cultural heritage professionals. With the VideometerLab, conservators can safely explore hidden dimensions of artworks and ultimately preserve cultural history for future generations.

At Videometer, we are proud to see our technology being used in groundbreaking projects that bridge science and art.

*Images are a kind concession of Dr. Theodore E. Matikas of the University of Ioannina.